...After World War II, reflecting the unprecedented economic boom, many experimental modern architectures were born, including works by W. Gropius, Saarinen the Younger, L. Mies van der Rohe, LI Kahn, and R. Neutra, who emigrated from Europe, as well as PC Johnson, Minoru Yamasaki, and Ieoh Ming Pei (1917- ). Since the 1970s, the concept of architecture has diversified due to the complexity of social structures, and a trend of "Post-modernism" has emerged, incorporating various historical styles, as represented by Michael Graves (1934- ). From [Modern Architecture]…Rather, a new issue emerged: plans to preserve and regenerate historical buildings. Since the oil crisis of 1974, plans have been made to preserve and reuse historical heritage on a city-wide scale, as seen in the urban planning of Bologna (townscape preservation). As if in response to this, Michael Graves (1934- ) and others who used motifs reminiscent of historical styles in their designs have attracted attention, and Aldo Rossi (1931- ) has appeared, whose style could be described as unadorned neoclassical, and the International Style established in the 1920s has begun to show new diversification. This trend, which became evident from the 1970s, is called “Post-modernism,” from the standpoint that “modern architecture” has already reached historical completion. … From [Japonism]...The Fenollosa-Dow method of painting education, based on the Kano school style, was practiced in various places until the 1930s and had a wide-ranging influence. The latter was initiated by Zen, which had been attracting attention since the 1920s, and produced paintings by Seattle-based artists such as Toby Graves (1910-). Their works, which are imbued with a mystical feeling, are evaluated as symbolic paintings that are different from Eastern paintings. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Graves, M." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…第2次大戦後は未曾有の好況を反映して多くの実験的な近代建築が生まれ,ヨーロッパから移住したW.グロピウス,サーリネン(子),L.ミース・ファン・デル・ローエ,L.I.カーン,R.ノイトラをはじめ,P.C.ジョンソン,ミノル・ヤマサキ,ペイIeoh Ming Pei(1917‐ )などの活動が目立った。70年代以降は社会構造の複雑化によって建築概念も多様化し,グレーブスMichael Graves(1934‐ )らに代表される,さまざまの歴史的様式をとりこんだ〈ポスト・モダニズムPost‐modernism〉の潮流も生まれた。 【近代建築】より…むしろ新しい課題として登場したのが,歴史的建造物の保存再生計画であり,74年の石油危機以降,ボローニャの都市計画に見られるような都市規模での歴史的遺産の継承再利用が図られるようになってきた(町並み保存)。これに呼応するかのように,歴史的様式を連想させるモティーフを造形に用いるグレーブスMichael Graves(1934‐ )らが注目されたり,無装飾の新古典主義というべき造型を示すロッシAldo Rossi(1931‐ )が現れたりして,1920年代に成立した国際様式は新たな多様化を迎え始める。70年代から顕著になるこの傾向を,〈近代建築〉はすでに歴史的に完了したとする立場から,〈ポスト・モダニズムPost‐modernism〉と呼んでいる。… 【ジャポニスム】より…狩野派様式をふまえた〈フェノロサ・ダウ方式〉の絵画教育は1930年代まで各地で実施され,広範な影響を及ぼした。後者は1920年代から注目された禅によって始まり,シアトルを拠点とするトービー,グレーブスMorris Graves(1910‐ )などの絵画を生んだ。神秘感を帯びた彼ら〈北西派〉の作品は,東部の絵画とは異なった象徴的絵画として評価される。… ※「Graves,M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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