...an Islamic theocracy that expanded its territory throughout northern Nigeria in West Africa in the 19th century and prospered. The Fulbe (Fulani) were a nomadic people living in the upper reaches of the Niger and Senegal rivers, but gradually moved eastward, settling in Hausaland (home of the Hausa) in northern Nigeria in the 18th century and converting to Islam. Usman Dan Fodio, a devout Islamic leader of the Fulbe who had been active in the Gobil Kingdom in northern Hausaland since the late 18th century, criticized the Islamic faith of King Gobil, united Hausa farmers and Fulbe nomads, declared jihad (holy war), and pacified the entire Hausaland region by the beginning of the 19th century. From the Fulbe tribeThe language is called Pulaar, Fulde, Fulfulde, Fulbeere, etc. It belongs to the Atlantic group of the Niger-Congo language family and has many noun classes. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Fulani" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…19世紀に西アフリカのナイジェリア北部一帯に領域を拡大,繁栄したイスラム神政国家。フルベ族Fulbe(フラニ族Fulani)はニジェール川やセネガル川の上流域で遊牧を営む民族であったが,しだいに東方に移動し,18世紀にはナイジェリア北部のハウサランドHausaland(ハウサ族の居住地)に定着し,イスラムに帰依した。18世紀後半から北部ハウサランドのゴビル王国で活動していたフルベ族の熱心なイスラム指導者ウスマン・ダン・フォディオは,ゴビル王のイスラム信仰を批判し,ハウサ族農民とフルベ族遊牧民とを合体させてジハード(聖戦)を宣言,19世紀初めまでにハウサランド全域を平定した。… 【フルベ族】より…自称はプロPullo(単数。複数がフルベ)で,他称として,マンデ系の人々によるフラ族Fula,ハウサ族によるフラニ族Fulani,アラブ系の人々によるフェラタ族Fellataなどがある。言語の自称はプラール語Pulaar,フルデ語Fulde,フルフルデ語Fulfulde,フルベーレ語Fulbeereなどといい,ニジェール・コンゴ大語群の大西洋語群に属し,多くの名詞クラスをもつ。… ※「Fulani」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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