Friedrich August III

Japanese: Friedrich August III(英語表記)FriedrichAugustIII
Friedrich August III


[Enlightenment and Immaturity]
The state systems of the German states in the 17th and 18th centuries were absolutist, just like those of Western Europe, but in the second half of the 18th century absolutism entered the stage of enlightened absolutism. Enlightened absolutism is not only seen in the governing styles of great monarchs such as Frederick II of Prussia and Joseph II of Austria, but also in many small and medium-sized states such as Friedrich August III der Gerechte (reigned 1763-1827) of Saxony and Karl August (reigned 1775-1828), characterizing the politics of German states in the second half of the 18th century. However, the fact that the leadership of the "enlightened" monarch played a major role from above also meant a lack of initiative from below, which is related to the backwardness of the German economy and the resulting immaturity of the bourgeoisie.

*Some of the terms mentioned in "Friedrich August III" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[啓蒙と未熟]
 17~18世紀におけるドイツの領邦諸国家の国制は,西欧諸国と同様に絶対主義のそれであり,18世紀後半には絶対主義は啓蒙絶対主義の段階に入る。啓蒙絶対主義はプロイセンのフリードリヒ2世,またオーストリアのヨーゼフ2世など大国の君主の統治様式に見られるのみならず,ザクセンのフリードリヒ・アウグスト3世義人公Friedrich August III der Gerechte(在位1763‐1827)やザクセン・ワイマールのカール・アウグストKarl August(在位1775‐1828)等中小国にも数多くの例をもって,18世紀後半のドイツ諸国の政治を特徴づけている。しかし〈啓蒙された〉君主の上からの指導力が大きな役割を果たしたことは,反面,国民の下からのイニシアティブの欠如をも意味するのであって,このことはドイツの経済の後進性と,それに由来するブルジョアジーの未成熟の問題と関連している。…

※「Friedrich August III」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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