Fletcher, Joseph Francis III

Japanese: フレッチャー（英語表記）Fletcher， Joseph Francis III

Born: April 10, 1905, Newark
[Died] October 28, 1991. Charlottesville, Virginia. An American Anglican theologian. Proponent of situational ethics. Studied at West Virginia University, Berkeley Theological Seminary, Yale University, University of London, and Kenyon College, and obtained his Ph.D. (D. Litt.) from Ohio Wesleyan University. Became a pastor in 1929, and taught pastoral care and Christian ethics at the Graduate School of Applied Religion in Cincinnati and the Episcopal Theological Seminary in Massachusetts. From 1970 to 1975, he taught medical ethics at the University of Virginia. From 1963 to 1964, he was a visiting professor at International Christian University (ICU). He sparked controversy by advocating situational ethics, which places greater importance on honesty to oneself than anything else as the basis for honesty to others, and which rejects all moral normative principles that would hinder this. His major works include "Christianity and Property" (1947), "Moral and Medicine" (1954), "Mission to Main Street" (1961), "Situation Ethics" (1966), "Moral Responsibility" (1967), "Situation Ethics Debate" (1968), and "The Ethics of Genetic Control" (1974).

Fletcher
Fletcher, John

Born: December 1579, Rye, Sussex
[Died] August 25, 1625. London. English playwright. From around 1608, he began collaborating with F. Beaumont as a playwright exclusively for the King's Men, producing the tragedy-comedy Philaster (1609) and the tragedy The Maid's Tragedy (11). When Beaumont married and retired to Kent in 1613, and Shakespeare also retired, he became the founding playwright for the King's Men. He collaborated with Massinger, W. Lawley, T. Middleton, and N. Field. In addition to the works included in the Collected Works of Beaumont and Fletcher (47 first edition, 34 pieces, 79 enlarged, 52 pieces), he also collaborated with Shakespeare on Henry VIII (13) and The Two Noble Kinsmen (13). His solo works include the tragicomedy The Faithful Shepherdess (c. 1608), a somewhat sentimental work rich in stagecraft.

Fletcher
Fletcher, Andrew

Born: 1655. East Lothian
Died September 1716, London. Scottish patriot. Member of the Scottish Parliament in 1681. Participated in the rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth in 1685, but got into a fight with a colleague, stabbed him to death, and fled to the continent. In 1688, he met William of Orange (later King William III) in The Hague. Returned to Scotland after the Glorious Revolution. A friend of W. Paterson, he supported his Darien Plan. Rejoined the Scottish Parliament in 1703. Originally an advocate of aristocracy, opposed both monarchy and democracy, he became a leader of the patriots who opposed union with England during the reign of Queen Anne. Realizing that union was inevitable, he compromised, but succeeded in winning favorable terms for the Scottish side as well.

Fletcher
Fletcher, Sir Banister Flight

[Born] 1866
[Died] August 17, 1953.
British architect and architectural historian. In 1884, he became an assistant to his father, Robert Bannister (1833-1899), and published A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method (1896), co-authored with his father. The book was translated into many languages and went through 16 editions before the author's death. Fletcher was also a qualified lawyer, and in his later years he was involved in city politics.

Fletcher
Fletcher, Phineas

Born: 8 April 1582. Baptised: Cranbrook, Kent
[Died] 1650. Hilgay, Norfolk. English poet. Older brother of G. Fletcher. Graduated from Cambridge University. His most famous work is The Purple Island (1633), an allegorical poem about the human mind, body, virtues and vices. His other works include The Locusts (27) and Britain's Ida (28).

Fletcher
Fletcher, Giles

Born: Around 1585, London
[Died] November 1623, Alderton, Suffolk. English poet. Brother of P. Fletcher. Graduated from Cambridge University. Author of Christs Victorie, and Triumph in Heaven, and Earth, over, and after Death (1610), which uses Spenserian stanzas.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1905.4.10. ニューアーク
[没]1991.10.28. バージニア，シャーロットビル
アメリカのアングリカン・チャーチの神学者。状況倫理の提唱者。ウェストバージニア大学，バークリー神学大学，エール大学，ロンドン大学，ケニヨン大学などで学び，オハイオ・ウェスレアン大学で博士号 (D. Litt.) を取得。 1929年牧師となり，シンシナティの応用宗教大学院，マサチューセッツ州のエピスコパル神学大学などで牧会学，キリスト教倫理学を教え，1970～75年バージニア大学で医療倫理学を講じた。 1963～64年国際基督教大学 ICU客員教授。他者への誠実の基礎として，自分自身への誠実をなにものにもまさって重視し，それを妨げる一切の道徳的規範原理をも排除する状況倫理を主張して論争を引き起こした。主著"Christianity and Property" (1947) ，"Moral and Medicine" (1954) ，"Mission to Main Street" (1961) ，"Situation Ethics" (1966) ，"Moral Responsibility" (1967) ，"Situation Ethics Debate" (1968) ，"The Ethics of Genetic Control" (1974) 。

フレッチャー
Fletcher， John

[生]1579.12. サセックス，ライ
[没]1625.8.25. ロンドン
イギリスの劇作家。 1608年頃から国王一座の専属作者として F.ボーモントと合作を始め，悲喜劇『フィラスター』 Philaster (1609) ，悲劇『乙女の悲劇』 The Maid's Tragedy (11) などを発表，ボーモントが 13年に結婚してケントに退き，シェークスピアも引退したため，国王一座の立作者となった。マッシンジャー，W.ローリー，T.ミドルトン，N.フィールドらと合作。『ボーモント＝フレッチャー全集』 (47初版 34編，79増補 52編) に収められたもののほか，シェークスピアとは『ヘンリー8世』 HenryVIII (13) と『血縁の二公子』 The Two Noble Kinsmen (13) を合作。単独作には牧歌悲喜劇『貞淑な女羊飼い』 The Faithful Shepherdess (1608頃) などがある。いささか感傷的ではあるが舞台技巧に富んだ作品を書いた。

フレッチャー
Fletcher， Andrew

[生]1655. イーストロジアン
[没]1716.9. ロンドン
スコットランドの愛国者。 1681年スコットランド議会議員。 85年モンマス公の反乱に参加したが，同僚とけんかし，刺殺して大陸に亡命。 88年ハーグでオランニェ公ウィレム (のちのウィリアム3世 ) と知合う。名誉革命後帰国。 W.パターソンの友人で，彼のダリエン計画を支持。 1703年スコットランド議会に復帰。本来，君主制にも民主制にも反対する貴族制の主唱者で，アン女王の治世にはイギリスとの合同に反対する愛国派のリーダーになった。合同の不可避を悟って妥協したが，スコットランド側にも有利な条件をかちとることに成功した。

フレッチャー
Fletcher， Sir Banister Flight

[生]1866
[没]1953.8.17.
イギリスの建築家，建築史家。 1884年父バニスター (1833～99) の助手となり，父との共著『比較法に基づく建築史』A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method (96) を出版。この著は各国語に翻訳され，著者の没するまでに 16版を重ねた。フレッチャーは弁護士の資格ももち，晩年は市政にも関与した。

フレッチャー
Fletcher， Phineas

[生]1582.4.8. 〈洗礼〉ケント，クランブルック
[没]1650. ノーフォーク，ヒルゲイ
イギリスの詩人。 G.フレッチャーの兄。ケンブリッジ大学卒業。人間の精神，肉体，美徳，悪徳についての寓意詩『紫の島』 The Purple Island (1633) が代表作。ほかに『いなご』 The Locusts (27) ，『ブリテンのアイダ』 Britain's Ida (28) など。

フレッチャー
Fletcher， Giles

[生]1585頃.ロンドン
[没]1623.11. サフォーク，オルダートン
イギリスの詩人。 P.フレッチャーの弟。ケンブリッジ大学卒業。スペンサー連を用いた『キリストの勝利と凱旋』 Christs Victorie，and Triumph in Heaven，and Earth，over，and after death (1610) の作者。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Fleur-de-lis (English spelling) fleurdelis

>>: Fletcher, J.