...Therefore, a family is characterized by constant expansion and division. The Indian matrilineal extended family is similar in this respect, and some scholars call it a joint family. Some scholars say that the Japanese family is a patrilineal extended family like the Chinese family, but the Japanese family cannot be said to be patrilineal in the strict sense and should be considered non-unilineal, and it is empirically appropriate to distinguish it as a direct lineage family, or stem family, rather than an extended family. ... From [Family]…(3) Compound family: A large family in which multiple married children live with the parents. When the father dies, the family tends to split into separate married couples, and expands and splits repeatedly. It is seen in the joint families of the high castes in India, the patriarchal families of the Chinese aristocracy, the large families of the Middle East, and the zadrugas of the Balkans. While patterns of family formation tend to be maintained over time, there are also aspects in which they are switching to simpler patterns. … From [Inheritance]…This inheritance rule was written in ancient Hindu law texts such as the Manu scriptures. However, after the 8th century, the so-called joint family, in which sons lived together in the same house even after marriage, became common among Brahmins and feudal lords. In such a family, the male members owned the household property jointly, and the eldest head of the household managed it. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "joint family" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがって家は拡大と分裂を不断に繰り返すのが特徴である。インドの母系拡大家族もまたこの点では同様で,合同家族joint familyと呼ぶ学者もある。 日本の家をも,中国の家と同様に父系拡大家族であるかのようにいう学者もあるが,日本の家は厳密な意味で父系とはいえず,非単系とみるべきであり,また拡大家族ではなく嫡系家族=直系家族stem familyとして区別するのが実証的に適切である。… 【家族】より…(3)複合家族制compound family 複数の既婚子が親と同居している多人数の家族で,父の死亡を契機として,既婚子夫婦ごとに分裂する傾向があり,拡大と分裂をくり返す。インドの高級カーストの合同家族joint family,中国貴紳階級の家父長家族,中東諸国の大家族,バルカン僻地(へきち)のザドルーガzadrugaなどにみられた。 家族形成のパターンは時代を越えて保持される傾向がある反面,構成の単純なパターンへ切り換えられていく面もある。… 【相続】より…この相続規定は《マヌ法典》などのヒンドゥー古法典に記されたものである。しかるに8世紀以後になると,バラモンや領主などの間では,息子たちが婚姻後も同じ家で共同に生活するいわゆる合同家族joint familyが広く見られるようになった。そこでは家族の男の成員は家産を共同に所有し,年長者の家長がこれを管理した。… ※「joint family」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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