fan vault

…In Western Europe, stone vaults began to be used in churches from the late 11th century, particularly for fire prevention reasons, instead of wooden ceilings. In Romanesque architecture, various types of vaults were built, but in Gothic architecture, rib vaults with protruding arches on the surface of the vault were used, and extremely beautiful vaults (such as fan vaults) were created in Germany and especially in England in the late Middle Ages (Figure). From the early modern period onwards, vaults without ribs were used again, but these were made of stone or brick, so they required long construction times and were very expensive to build. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "fan vault" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…西欧ではとくに防火上の理由で，木造の天井に代わって11世紀後半から聖堂で石造のボールトを用いるようになった。ロマネスク建築では各種のボールトを造ったが，ゴシックではボールトの表面に突出したアーチをつけたリブ･ボールトrib vaultを使用し，中世末期のドイツ，とくにイギリスできわめて美しいボールト(ファン･ボールトfan vaultなど)を造りあげた（図）。近世以降はリブのないボールトを再び用いたが，これらは石や煉瓦造なので，建設に長い工期と多額の費用を必要とした。…

※「fan vault」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報