ethos

Japanese: ethos
ethos

…In other words, the way is almost synonymous with ethics as the principle that establishes human morality, and the state of having mastered it is virtue, but morality, while used almost synonymously with ethics, strongly implies virtue. Both morality and ethics are nowadays used more as translations of modern European words (for example, English morality, ethics, German Moralität, Sittlichkeit, Ethik, French morale, éthique), but these words are usually derived from the Greek ethos or ēthos, or the Latin mores (plural of mos). The word ēthos is, first, usually used in the plural ēthē, meaning a familiar place, residence, or hometown; second, also usually used in the plural, meaning the customs and practices of a group; and third, the individual's moral consciousness, moral feelings, attitudes, character, or morality itself, which are cultivated by such customs and practices. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "ethos" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…すなわち,道とは人倫を成立させる道理として,倫理とほぼ同義であり,それを体得している状態が徳であるが,道徳といえば,倫理とほぼ同義的に用いられながらも,徳という意味合いを強く含意する。道徳と倫理の両語とも,現今では近代ヨーロッパ語(たとえば英語のmorality,ethics,ドイツ語のMoralität,Sittlichkeit,Ethik,フランス語のmorale,éthique)の訳語としての意味が強いが,これらの語はたいていギリシア語のエトスethosないしはエートスēthos,あるいはラテン語のモレスmores(mosの複数形)に由来する。ēthosという語は,第1に,たいていは複数形のēthēで用いられて,住み慣れた場所,住い,故郷を意味し,第2に,同じくたいていは複数形で,集団の慣習や慣行を意味し,第3に,そういう慣習や慣行によって育成された個人の道徳意識,道徳的な心情や態度や性格,ないしは道徳性そのものを意味する。…

※「ethos」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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