In other words, culture is seen as a unique system that perceives and organizes physical phenomena, things, events, behaviors, and emotions. This view has led to the development of research fields such as ethnoscience and cognitive anthropology. People who hold this position emphasize human mental activity rather than biological or environmental factors, and strive to discover a cultural grammar that organizes phenomena. From [Cultural Anthropology]…They share a common position in that they try to understand culture as a symbol system. The other is called ethnoscience or new ethnography, which is basically a methodology. People who hold this position, such as W. Goodenough, believe that culture exists only in the minds of those who bear it, and therefore consider how to extract ethnographic information without placing it in the researcher's preconceived categories. … *Some explanations of terms that mention "ethnoscience" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…言い換えると,文化を〈物的現象,事物,できごと,行動,感情を知覚し,秩序づける固有の体系〉と見る。こういう見方はエスノサイエンスethnoscience,認識人類学などといわれる研究分野を発展させた。この立場の人々は,生物学や自然環境の要因よりも人間の精神活動を重視し,現象を秩序づける〈文化の文法〉の発見に努める。… 【文化人類学】より…彼らは文化をシンボル体系としてとらえようとする点で共通の立場に立っている。他の一つはエスノサイエンスethnoscienceまたは新民族誌new ethnographyと称する立場で,これは基本的に方法論である。グッドイナフW.Goodenoughを代表とするこの立場の人々は,文化はその担い手の心の中にのみ存在すると考えるところから,民族誌的情報を研究者の先入見的カテゴリーの中に置かずに引き出す方法を考えるのである。… ※「ethnoscience」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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