Related Syntax - kanrenkobun

...Furthermore, in recent years, rather than looking only at the sentence in question, the approach of considering the relationship with related constructions[4] has become popular, and this has suddenly enriched research. Related constructions are sentences or phrases that can be recognized as having a grammatical relationship with the sentence in question (a very simple example would be a passive sentence in relation to an active sentence). For example, (i)(a)John persuaded Mary to come to the party. and (b)John wanted Mary to come to the party. seem to have the same sentence structure, but while the passive sentence Mary was persuaded by John to come to the party. can be made as a related construction for (a), this is not possible for (b) (it cannot be said that Mary was wanted by John to come to the party.), and (ii)(c)The phrase (d)〈The invited village chief〉 in the sentence〈The invited village chief arrived late〉 has two possibilities: (e)〈(someone) invited the village chief〉 or (f)〈The village chief invited (someone)〉 (i.e., it can be interpreted in two ways, (e) and (f)). As such, there are many cases where consideration of related constructions is necessary or effective (both (i) and (ii) are merely basic examples).

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "related syntax" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…さらに，近年では，当該の文だけを見るのではなく，[4]〈関連諸構文との関係〉というとらえ方が盛んになり，これによって研究はにわかに充実の度を加えてきた。関連構文とは，当該の文と文法上の関連を認め得る文や句(ごく単純な例としては能動文に対する受動文など)のことである。たとえば，(i)(a)John persuaded Mary to come to the party.と(b)John wanted Mary to come to the party.とは同じ文型のように見えるが，(a)に関しては関連構文として受動文Mary was persuaded by John to come to the party.が作れるのに対し，(b)に関してはそれができない(Mary was wanted by John to come to the party.とはいえない)，また(ii)(c)〈招待した村長が遅れて来た〉という文の(d)〈招待した村長〉という句は，(e)〈(誰かが)村長を招待した〉という文の関連構文である場合と，(f)〈村長が(誰かを)招待した〉という文の関連構文である場合と，二つの可能性がある(すなわち(e)(f)の二通りにとれる)，というように，関連構文への考慮が必要あるいは有効な場合は数多い((i)(ii)はともに基礎的な一例にすぎない)。…

※「関連構文」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報