…It was probably after the Egyptian civilization that human knowledge reached a certain level and human dissections began to be performed with medical interest. The Babylonian Code of Hammurapi contains a surgical procedure that requires considerable anatomical knowledge, and in Mesopotamia there is a ceramic model of a liver that is estimated to have been made around 2000 B.C., and the Edwin Smith papyri, written in Egypt around 1700 B.C., is a valuable document on surgery. It is assumed that human dissections were already being performed at this time. … *Some of the terminology used in reference to the Edwin Smith papyri is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…人類の知恵がある水準にまで達し,医学的な関心をもって人体解剖が行われるようになったのはおそらくエジプト文明以後であろう。バビロニアのハンムラピ法典にはかなりの解剖学的知識を要する外科手術論が書かれており,メソポタミアには前2000年ころに作られたと推定される肝臓の陶製模型があり,またエジプトで前1700年ころに書かれた《エドウィン・スミス・パピルスEdwin Smith papyri》は外科学の貴重な文献である。このころ人体の解剖はすでになされていたと推測される。… ※「《Edwin Smith papyri》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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