Preview - Nairan

To look privately. Naiken. This refers to the act of looking privately at the affairs of the Daijokan (Grand Council of State) and documents to be presented to the Emperor, and also to the person who handles government affairs. In the Heian period, the Sessho (Regent) and the Kanpaku (Champion) were qualified to be Naiken, but any noble who received the decree of Naiken could do so without becoming a Sekkan. During the reign of Emperor Daigo, the Minister of the Left, Fujiwara no Tokihira, and the Minister of the Right, Sugawara no Michizane, were Naiken, followed by Fujiwara no Kanemichi and then Fujiwara no Korechika, who received the decree of Naiken while their father, the Kanpaku Michitaka, was ill, and Fujiwara no Michinaga was a Naiken during the reigns of both Emperors Ichijo and Sanjo. In many cases, the person who became a regent or chancellor was the Nairan (Michinaga did not become a chancellor), but there were also cases where a Nairan was appointed in addition to the regent, such as the case of Minister of the Left, Yorinaga, who became a Nairan during the time of chancellor Tadamichi. The position continued until the end of the Edo period.

[Yutaka Yamanaka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

内々に見ること。内見(ないけん)。太政(だいじょう)官のなかの諸事、天皇に奏上すべき文書をまず内見して政務を処理すること、またその人をいう。平安時代、摂政(せっしょう)・関白は内覧の資格をもっていたが、摂関にならなくとも内覧の宣旨を受けた公卿(くぎょう)はこれを行った。醍醐(だいご)天皇のとき、左大臣藤原時平(ときひら)、右大臣菅原道真(すがわらのみちざね)が内覧であったのをはじめとして、藤原兼通(かねみち)、ついで藤原伊周(これちか)は父関白道隆(みちたか)が病の間、内覧宣旨を受け、藤原道長は一条(いちじょう)・三条(さんじょう)両天皇の時期に内覧であった。内覧より摂政・関白になることが多かったが（道長は関白にならず）、摂関とは別に内覧を置く場合もあり、関白忠通(ただみち)のとき内覧となった左大臣頼長(よりなが)の例などがあげられる。江戸時代末期まで存続した。

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