… Plant parasitism of animals is mainly known for bacteria and viruses, but there are also examples of fungi such as the Saprolegnia mould that infects fish, the Aspergillus fungi that infect the lungs of birds and animals, and the caterpillars and athlete's foot that infect humans. There are various types of animal parasitism, including endoparasitism and ectoparasitism (fleas, mosquitoes, ticks, leeches, etc.), parasitism for life, parasitism during the larval stage (or only for a period of time), parasitism only during adulthood, parasitism that attaches to the host forever, and parasitism that attaches to the host only to obtain nutrients (mosquitoes, ticks, leeches, etc.). Some endoparasitic animals require two or more different hosts and have elaborate life cycles. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "ectoparasitism" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 植物の動物に対する寄生は主として細菌やウイルスで知られるが,魚につくミズカビ,鳥獣の肺につくコウジカビ属の菌,人間につくたむしや水虫などの真菌類の例もある。 動物の動物に対する寄生にはさまざまな方式があり,内部寄生endoparasitismと外部寄生ectoparasitism(ノミ,カ,ダニ,ヒルなど),一生寄生性なものと幼虫のとき(またはその一時期だけ)寄生性なものと成虫のときだけ寄生性なもの,ずっと宿主についているものと栄養をとるときだけ宿主につくもの(カ,ダニ,ヒルなど)というようなものが知られている。 内部寄生をする動物の中には2種以上の異なる宿主を必要とし,手の込んだ生活環を有するものがある。… ※「ectoparasitism」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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