The name of the track of East Japan Railway Company (JR East Japan). The distance is 484.5 km from Fukushima to Akita to Aomori. The entire line is AC electrified. It is a main railway line that branches off from the Tohoku Main Line at Fukushima, crosses the Ou Mountains, passes through the Yonezawa, Yamagata, Shinjo, and Yokote basins, Akita, the Noshiro Plain, Takanosu, the Odate Basin, the Tsugaru Plain, and other areas, and ends in Aomori. Construction of the government-run Ou South Line and North Line began from Fukushima and Aomori, and the entire line opened between 1894 and 1905 (Meiji 27-38). When the line was completed, it was called the Ou Line, and in 1909 the line names were unified to become the Ou Main Line. The section between Fukushima and Yonezawa, which crosses the Ou Mountains, has a steep gradient of 38‰ (per mille), which has been a bottleneck for transportation since the line opened, and special locomotives have been used for this gradient. In 1949 (Showa 24), the Fukushima-Yonezawa section was electrified with direct current to increase transportation capacity, becoming the first main line electrified in the Tohoku region. In 1968, this section was also electrified with alternating current, and the entire line was electrified with alternating current by 1975. In 1987, following the privatization of the Japanese National Railways, the line became part of the East Japan Railway Company. Since 1992 (Heisei 4), the entire Fukushima-Yamagata section was rebuilt from a gauge of 1067 mm to 1435 mm (some three-track sections), and the Yamagata Shinkansen and conventional line local trains (with carriages modified to match the gauge) operate on the 1435 mm gauge. In 1999, when the Yamagata Shinkansen was extended to Shinjo, the Yamagata-Shinjo section was also converted to 1,435 mm gauge (1,067 mm gauge was also installed in parallel in some sections). In addition, between Omagari and Akita, 1,067 mm gauge and 1,435 mm gauge have been used in combination since 1997, and the Akita Shinkansen and conventional line local trains are operated on this section. [Eiichi Aoki and Ryo Aoki] [Reference items] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
東日本旅客鉄道(JR東日本)の線路名称。福島―秋田―青森間484.5キロメートル。全線交流電化。福島で東北本線から分岐して、奥羽山脈を越え、米沢(よねざわ)、山形、新庄(しんじょう)、横手の各盆地、秋田、能代(のしろ)平野、鷹巣(たかのす)、大館(おおだて)盆地、津軽平野などを経て、青森に至る東北地方縦断の幹線鉄道である。福島および青森から、官設鉄道の奥羽南線・北線として建設を進め、1894~1905年(明治27~38)全線を開業した。全通とともに奥羽線と称し、1909年の線路名称の統一で奥羽本線となった。 奥羽山脈を横断する福島―米沢間は最急38‰(パーミル)の急勾配(こうばい)区間があり、開業当初より輸送上のネックとなって、特別な勾配線用機関車が使用されてきた。1949年(昭和24)福島―米沢区間の輸送力強化のため直流電化が行われ、東北地方における最初の幹線電化となった。また、1968年から進められた交流電化によって、この区間を含め同年交流に切り替えられ、1975年までに全線の交流電化を完成させた。1987年、日本国有鉄道の分割民営化に伴い、東日本旅客鉄道に所属。1992年(平成4)から、福島―山形間は全線が軌間1067ミリメートルから1435ミリメートルに改築され(一部3線区間)、1435ミリ軌間の山形新幹線および在来線普通列車(車両を軌間に合わせて改造)の運転を行っている。1999年には山形新幹線が新庄まで延伸されたことで、山形―新庄間も1435ミリメートルに改軌された(一部区間では1067ミリメートル軌間も並設)。また、大曲(おおまがり)―秋田間は1997年から1067ミリメートル軌間と1435ミリメートル軌間が併用され、秋田新幹線と在来線普通列車が運行されている。 [青木栄一・青木 亮] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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