diligence

…In England, in 1708, regular trains ran between London and Birmingham, and in 1745 between London and Manchester. Stagecoaches began to run between major European cities during the 18th century. The stagecoaches between Paris and Lyon, called diligences, were known for their speed, but they only took five days in summer and six days in winter to travel between the two cities, and generally ran at about 13km per hour. Roads were improved, and the ride was improved with the development of steel springs by the Dutchman Boonen, but the carriages were not safe, as they easily overturned at high speeds, and horseback riders could easily catch up. …

*Some explanations of terms that mention "diligence" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…1708年にはイギリスでもロンドン～バーミンガム間，45年にはロンドン～マンチェスター間に定期便が往復し，18世紀中にヨーロッパの主要都市間に駅馬車が走るようになった。パリ～リヨン間の駅馬車coche de Lyonは〈ディリジャンスdiligence〉と呼ばれ速さを誇ったが，夏は5日，冬は6日で2都市間を走る程度で時速は一般に13km程度であった。道路も整備が進められ，オランダのボーネンの考案による鋼鉄製のばねによって乗りごこちも改善されたが，馬車は速度を上げれば容易に転覆し安全な乗物でなく，騎乗ならたやすく追いつけた。…

※「diligence」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報