…This word originally meant “tidy”, “decoration” and “order”. As the English word “cosmetic” suggests, it was used to describe the state of women dressed up in elaborate clothing and makeup, as well as the discipline and order of the military and society. It was later used to describe the orderly state of the natural world, and eventually transformed into a word meaning “world order” or the “world” itself, which is permeated with order. The Latin word mundus, which has a similar meaning, was first used to describe the “world” as a translation of this Greek word, and it is said that this usage spread throughout the Latin world, especially through the works of Cicero and Lucretius. The oldest known document that uses the word cosmos to mean the above-mentioned orderly world, is a fragment by Heraclitus, who was active in the first half of the 5th century BC. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "mundus" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この語は元来〈整頓〉〈装飾〉〈秩序〉を意味する言葉で,英語cosmeticが化粧品の意であることにうかがえるように,女性が服飾や化粧で装いを凝らした状態や,軍隊や社会の規律や秩序を表現するために使われたが,後に自然界の秩序立った様相を示すのに転用され,ついには〈世界の秩序〉あるいは秩序の貫徹した〈世界〉そのものを意味する語へと変貌を遂げていった。ラテン語でほぼ同じ意味の語mundusが〈世界〉を表すために用いられるようになったのも,最初はこのギリシア語の訳語としてであり,とくにキケロやルクレティウスの著作を通してこの用法がラテン世界に普及していったといわれる。 コスモスという語を上記の秩序ある世界の意味で用いた最古の文献として知られているのは,紀元前5世紀の前半に活躍したヘラクレイトスの断片である。… ※「mundus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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