Oaxaca (English spelling)

Japanese: オアハカ（英語表記）Oaxaca

Its official name is Oaxaca de Juáres. It is the capital of the state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico. It is located in the fertile Oaxaca Basin in the eastern mountains of the Madre del Sud, about 400 km southeast of Mexico City, at an altitude of about 1,660 m. It was founded in 1486 as a garrison for the Aztecs, and was conquered by the Spanish in 1521. It played an important role in Mexican history, being a frequent battlefield during the Mexican War of Independence and the Mexican Revolution, and being invaded and occupied. It is a major city in southern Mexico, and as the center of the surrounding agricultural and mining regions, it collects and processes agricultural and mineral products, and is also a major producer of folk crafts such as pottery, gold and silverwork, and woolen textiles. The beautiful streetscape of the old town, which retains the appearance of the colonial era, was registered as a World Heritage Site in 1987, along with the nearby Monte Alban ruins. Former Mexican President P. Diaz was born in the city, and B. Juarez was also from the suburbs. The Oaxaca Normal School, founded in 1827, was reorganized in 1955 and named the University of Oaxaca Benito Juarez. The city is connected to Mexico City by the Pan-American Highway, railroad, and air. Population: 212,943 (1990 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

正式名称はオアハカデフアレス Oaxaca de Juáres。メキシコ南部，オアハカ州の州都。メキシコシティーの南東約 400km，南マドレ山脈東部山中の肥沃なオアハカ盆地にあり，標高約 1660m。アステカ民族の駐屯地として 1486年建設され，1521年スペイン人に征服された。メキシコ独立戦争やメキシコ革命に際してはしばしば戦場となり，また侵略，占領されるなど，メキシコ史において重要な役割を果たした。メキシコ南部の主要都市で，周辺の農業・鉱業地帯の中心地として農産物，鉱産物の集散，加工を行なうほか，陶器，金・銀細工，毛織物などの民芸品の生産が盛ん。植民地時代の面影をとどめる旧市街の美しい町並みは，近郊のモンテアルバン遺跡とともに，1987年世界遺産の文化遺産に登録。元メキシコ大統領 P.ディアスの生地で，B.フアレスも市の近郊の出身。 1827年創立のオアハカ師範学校は 1955年改組され，オアハカ・ベニトフアレス大学と命名された。パンアメリカン・ハイウェー，鉄道，空路でメキシコシティーと連絡。人口 21万 2943 (1990推計) 。

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