…The first example is the Bushveld in South Africa, the Stillwater in Montana, and the Muskox in Canada, which are layered with pyroxenite, anorthosite, and gabbro, and often contain deposits of chromite and platinum. This type of peridotite is formed when crystals of olivine, spinel, and pyroxene, which were crystallized early in the magma chamber due to the crystallization differentiation of basaltic magma, are deposited at the bottom of the magma chamber (rocks formed in this way are called cumulates). Peridotites that show the latter two occurrences are rocks that make up the upper part of the upper mantle (depth 35 to 900 km) and are important in studying the internal structure of the Earth. … From [Layered intrusive rock body]…the pore fluids eventually crystallize as they react with the minerals they come into contact with. The rocks formed by the accumulation of crystals are called cumulates. Layered intrusions are characteristic of stable continental regions, and include large lopolis or stratiform intrusions as well as small funnel-shaped intrusions. … *Some terminology explanations that mention "cumulate" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…最初の例としては,南アのブッシュフェルトBushveld岩体,アメリカ,モンタナ州のスティルウォーターStillwater岩体,カナダのマスコックスMuskox岩体などが有名で,輝岩,斜長岩,斑レイ岩などと層状構造をなし,しばしばクロム鉄鉱や白金の鉱床がみられる。この種のカンラン岩は,マグマ溜りのなかで,玄武岩質マグマの結晶分化作用によって早期に晶出したカンラン石,スピネル,輝石などの結晶が,マグマ溜りの底に沈積して形成されたものである(こうして形成された岩石を集積岩cumulateと呼ぶ)。 後の二つの産状を示すカンラン岩は,上部マントル(深さ35~900km)の上部を構成する岩石であり,地球の内部構造を研究する上で重要である。… 【層状貫入岩体】より…間隙液は,結局は,それと接する鉱物と反応しながら結晶化する。こうして,結晶の集積によってできる岩石を集積岩cumulateと呼ぶ。層状貫入岩体は,安定大陸地域に特徴的に産出し,大きなロポリスないし成層貫入岩体stratiform intrusionのほか小型の漏斗状貫入岩体funnel‐shaped intrusionがある。… ※「cumulate」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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