Lac dyes are red dyes extracted from the cochineal bug (lac worm) found in India and Western Asia. Cochineal bugs are small insects similar to scale insects that parasitize tree branches in the region. The branches on which they attach and form layers (stick lac) are boiled and extracted at the same time as the lac used for paint is extracted. Lac dyes were imported to Japan from China in the early modern period and used as a pigment in paintings and Yuzen dyeing under the name Sho-Muji. During the manufacturing process, the dye was absorbed into cotton and dried. When used, the cotton was treated with hot water to leach out the dye, and then boiled in a water bath. Another animal dye that produces the same red color as magenta is cochineal, which is produced in South America; the two dyes are often confused because they look similar, but in Japan, magenta (lac dye) was the dye that was used exclusively during the Edo period, and cochineal only began to be used after the Meiji period. [Yamabe Tomoyuki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インド、西アジアに産するエンジムシ(ラックスラック)より採取される赤色の染料(ラック・ダイlac dyes)。エンジムシは同地方で樹枝に寄生するカイガラムシに似た小虫で、これがついて固まって層をなしている枝(スティック・ラックstick lac)を煮出して、塗料にするラックをとるときに同時に採取される。わが国には近世以後に中国から輸入され、生(しょう)臙脂と称して顔料として絵画や友禅の彩色などに用いられた。これは、製造の過程で染料を綿に吸収させて乾燥したもので、使用に際してはこれを熱湯で処理して染料を滲出(しんしゅつ)し、湯煎(ゆせん)して煮つめたものが用いられた。 臙脂と同じく赤色を出す動物性の染料に、南米産のコチニールがあり、両者がよく似ているので混同されることが多いが、わが国で江戸時代に用いられたのはもっぱら臙脂(ラック・ダイ)で、コチニールが用いられ始めたのは明治以後のことである。 [山辺知行] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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