… In Japan, in 1872 (Meiji 5), a bureau of the Ministry of War, the Teimonji, set up a provisional session for a military court martial, and tried to have the military court martial proceed, but in the end, the establishment of an army court led to this. The Japanese military court martial system was modeled after the French system, and the French term conseil de guerre was translated as military court martial. The military court martial system in France at that time, which had been in place since 1857, was as follows: (1) in the spirit of a jury, it should be decided by an officer of the same rank as the accused; (2) appeals against military court martial decisions should be made to the Supreme Court of Cassation in peacetime and to the High Court Martial in wartime; (3) in the navy, a naval court should be established before military court martial to try crimes committed by civilians that would disturb the peace of naval ports and arsenals. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "conseil de guerre" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 日本の場合1872年(明治5),兵部省の一局,糺問司による〈軍法会議〉の〈仮会議〉を設け,軍法会議の事を行わせようとしたが,結局〈陸軍裁判所〉の設置がその発端となった。日本の軍法会議制度はフランスの制度にならったもので,フランス語のコンセイユ・ド・ゲールconseil de guerreを軍法会議と訳したものである。この当時のフランスにおける軍法会議制度は1857年以来,(1)陪審の精神にのっとり,被告人の同等官によること,(2)軍法会議の判決に対する上訴は平時にあっては大審院(破毀院),戦時にあっては高等軍法会議になすこと,(3)海軍においては軍法会議以前に軍港,工廠における安寧を害すべき一般人の犯罪を審判するための海軍裁判所を置く,という内容であった。… ※「conseil de guerre」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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