Horticulture - Enkou

Japanese: 園耕 - えんこう

A highly intensive form of agriculture carried out on small farms. It mainly involves the use of small tools such as hoes and manual labor to carry out detailed work such as fertilizing, irrigating, cultivating, transplanting, thinning, cultivating, weeding, and pruning according to the characteristics of the crop, with little use of animal power or machinery. In terms of the stage of agricultural development, it is a form that has evolved one step beyond hack plowing, and is typical of agriculture in monsoon regions of Asia, Italy, Spain, etc. It is used in contrast to extensive grain cultivation.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

小規模な農地で行われるきわめて集約的な農業。鍬(くわ)などの小道具と人力を主体に作物の特性に応じた施肥，灌漑(かんがい)，栽培，移植，間引，中耕，除草，剪定(せんてい)など綿密な作業がなされ，畜力・機械の利用は少ない。農業の発展段階からみればハック耕から一歩発展して現れた形態で，アジアのモンスーン地域，イタリア，スペインなどの農業に典型的。粗放的に行われる穀耕などと対比的に用いられる。

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