Eisenach (English spelling)

Japanese: アイゼナハ（英語表記）Eisenach

A city in the state of Thuringia in central Germany. It is located about 50 km west of Erfurt, on the northwest slope of the Thuringer Wald. The town was founded by the Count of Thuringia around 1150, and the Count's old castle, Wartburg Castle, is located in the southwest. In 1264 it became the property of the Wettin Dukes of Saxony, and in 1283 it gained city rights. It is known as the birthplace of the musician Bach, the place where Luther spent his school years and retired after the Imperial Diet of Worms (1521), and the old castle is famous as the setting for the opera Tannhäuser composed by R. Wagner. Luther's translation of the New Testament into German was also carried out here. It is a key transportation point between Frankfurt and Erfurt, and is also a tourist city. Industry developed in the late 19th century, and the automobile, machinery, and chemical industries are thriving. Representative buildings include the Romanesque St. Nicholas Church (c. 1200) and the late Gothic St. George Church (founded c. 1180, restored in the 16th century). Population: 45,220 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ドイツ中部，チューリンゲン州の都市。エルフルトの西約 50km，チューリンガーワルトの北西斜面に位置する。 1150年頃にチューリンゲン地方伯によって建設された町で，南西に伯の古城ワルトブルク城がある。 1264年ザクセン公ウェッティン家領となり，83年都市権獲得。音楽家バッハの生地，ルターが学童時代を過しウォルムス帝国議会 (1521) 後隠遁した地として知られ，古城は R.ワーグナー作曲の歌劇『タンホイザー』の舞台として有名。ルターによる新約聖書のドイツ語訳もこの城で行われた。フランクフルト－エルフルト間の交通の要地で，観光都市でもある。 19世紀後半から工業が興り，自動車，機械，化学工業が盛ん。ロマネスク様式の聖ニコラウス教会 (1200頃) ，後期ゴシック様式の聖ゲオルク教会 (1180頃創設，16世紀に修復) が代表的建築物。人口4万 5220 (1991推計) 。

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