It means accumulation or gathering. In English, it is called assemblage. It is a method of creating sculpture or three-dimensional works by gathering various objects, including waste and everyday items. It originated from Cubist collage, in which pieces of paper or cloth are pasted onto a painting, but while collage is strictly two-dimensional, assemblage is three-dimensional. According to William Seitz, the organizer of the Assemblage exhibition held in New York in 1961, it must be a gathering of objects that were not created as works of art. Picasso's Absinthe Vase (1912) can be considered a pioneer, but it took Dada and Surrealism, especially Neo-Dada after World War II, Pop Art, Nouveau Réalisme, and Environmental Art (Environments), for it to fully flourish. Artists such as Daniel Spoerri (1930-), Fernandez Arman (1928-2005), and Jean Tinguely, who primarily use waste materials, have gone beyond turning waste materials into art and instead seek to bring out the expressive power of the "junk" itself. [Shigeo Chiba] [References] | | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
集積、寄せ集めの意。英語ではアセンブリッジ。廃品や日用品をはじめさまざまな物体を寄せ集めて彫刻ないし三次元的立体作品の形態をつくりだす方法。紙片や布切れなどを画面に貼(は)り付けるキュビスムのコラージュに端を発するが、コラージュがあくまでも平面的であったのに対して、アッサンブラージュは三次元的である。1961年にニューヨークで開かれたアッサンブラージュ展の企画者ウィリアム・サイツによれば、それはなによりもまず芸術品としてつくられたのではない物体の寄せ集めでなければならないとされる。ピカソの『アプサント瓶』(1912)などが先駆といえるが本格的な開花にはダダやシュルレアリスム、とくに第二次世界大戦後のネオ・ダダ、ポップ・アート、ヌーボー・レアリスム、環境芸術(エンバイランメンツenvironments)をまたねばならない。おもに廃品を用いるダニエル・スペーリDaniel Spoerri(1930― )、アルマンFernandez Arman(1928―2005)、ジャン・ティンゲリーらは、廃品を素材に芸術化するということから、さらに進んで、むしろ「がらくた(ジャンク)」の廃物そのもののもつ表現力を引き出そうとするものである。 [千葉成夫] [参照項目] | | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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