…Respiration is a type of breathing in which the diaphragm contracts and descends. It is called this in contrast to chest respiration, in which inhalation occurs due to the expansion of the chest circumference from front to back and left to right, but in reality, these two types of breathing coexist in normal people, and abdominal breathing is predominant. When the diaphragm contracts, the liver, stomach, and other parts of the upper abdomen are pushed downward, and the abdominal circumference expands, but when the diaphragm relaxes, the diaphragm is pushed upward by the negative pressure generated in the thoracic cavity and the positive pressure in the abdominal cavity, and exhalation occurs passively, so to speak. … *Some terminology that mentions "chest respiration" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…横隔膜が収縮して下降することにより吸息を行う型の呼吸。胸囲の前後左右径の拡大によって吸息の行われる型の胸式呼吸chest respirationと対比されて呼ばれるが,実際には正常者ではこの二つの型の呼吸は混在しており,かつ腹式呼吸のほうが優勢である。横隔膜が収縮すると,肝臓,胃などの上腹部が下方に押し下げられ,腹囲は拡大するが,横隔膜が弛緩すると,胸腔内に生じた陰圧,腹腔の陽圧によって横隔膜は上方に押し上げられ,いわば受動的に呼息がなされる。… ※「chest respiration」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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