… In 1928, A. Fleming of England discovered that the mold Penicillium notatum , which had accidentally been mixed in with the food, inhibited the growth of staphylococci. He recognized that this mold produced a strong antibacterial substance against gram-positive bacteria, and that it was of low toxicity. He named this substance penicillin. Fleming's discovery did not attract much attention at the time, but later, HW Florey and EB Chain of England began research on the subject, and succeeded in isolating and extracting penicillin in 1940, and in 1941, it was found to be clinically effective, becoming a revolutionary event in the medical world. This is called the "rediscovery of penicillin," and it marked the beginning of the era of antibiotics that followed. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Chain, EB" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 1928年,イギリスのA.フレミングは,偶然に混入したアオカビPenicillium notatumがブドウ球菌の発育を抑えていることを見つけ,このカビがグラム陽性菌に対する強い抗菌性物質を産生していること,さらにそれは低毒性であることを認め,この物質をペニシリンと名づけた。フレミングの発見は当時注目されなかったが,のちにイギリスのH.W.フローリーおよびチェーンE.B.Chainらはこの研究に着手し,40年ペニシリンの分離抽出に成功,41年臨床的にも有効であることが明らかとなり,医学界の革命的できごととなった。これを〈ペニシリンの再発見〉と呼ぶが,これはその後の抗生物質時代の幕開けでもあった。… ※「Chain,E.B.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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