A town on the Gulf of Benin in southern Ghana. Founded as a Portuguese trading post, Fort St. George was built in 1482. Portugal established the Elmina colony around the fort and monopolized trade in the region. From the end of the 15th century to the 18th century, the Dutch, British, Danes, and Swedes established similar colonial bases over a 500km stretch around the Gulf of Benin, forming a series of trading posts unparalleled in the world. European goods were exchanged for gold, ivory, spices, and other goods, and the town later became the center of the slave trade. The Swedes built forts in Cape Coast, the Danes in Accra, and the Dutch and British in Sekondi-Takoradi. The ruins of these forts, now used as museums, prisons, schools, etc., were registered as a World Heritage Site in 1979. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ガーナ南部,ベナン湾岸の町。ポルトガルの交易所として建設され,1482年にはセント・ジョージ要塞が築かれた。この要塞を中心にポルトガルはエルミナ植民地を形成し,同地域の貿易を独占。その後 15世紀末から 18世紀にかけて,オランダ人,イギリス人,デンマーク人,スウェーデン人らによって同様の植民拠点がベナン湾一帯,約 500kmにわたり設けられ,世界でも類をみない一連の交易所群を形成した。ヨーロッパの物品を金,象牙,香辛料などと交換し,のちには奴隷貿易の中心となった。スウェーデン人はケープコーストに,デンマーク人はアクラに,オランダ人,イギリス人はセコンディタコラディにそれぞれ城塞を築いた。現在,博物館,刑務所,学校などとして利用されているこれらの城塞跡は,1979年世界遺産の文化遺産に登録。
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