…In 1808, young officers led by Niyazi (1873-1912) started an armed uprising, which led to the unilateral declaration of the restoration of the constitution, which the Sultan ratified, ushering in the second constitutional period. The centralists monopolized the parliament, but in 1809, a revolt by soldiers in Istanbul (the March 31st incident) temporarily weakened their power, but their power increased after the revolt was suppressed, and in 1813 they seized power in a coup d'état, forming a triumvirate with Enver Pasha, Talāt Paşa (1874-1921), and Cemal Paşa (1873-1922). The revolutionary government gradually shifted from Ottomanism, which emphasized the country's position as an Ottoman Empire, to Turkish nationalism, which was influenced by Turanism, leading to the oppression of non-Turkish peoples. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Cemal Paşa" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…08年ニヤージNiyazi(1873‐1912)らの若手将校の武装蜂起を契機として,憲法の復活を一方的に宣言,スルタンはこれを追認し第2次立憲体制期に入った。中央集権派が国会議員を独占したが,09年イスタンブールでの兵士の反乱(3月31日事件)により一時勢力を後退させ,反乱鎮圧により勢力を増大,13年クーデタにより政権を握り,エンウェル・パシャ,タラート・パシャTalāt Paşa(1874‐1921),ジェマル・パシャCemal Paşa(1873‐1922)の三頭政治を行った。革命政権は,オスマン帝国としての立場を強調するオスマン主義から,しだいにトゥラン主義の影響をうけてトルコ・ナショナリズムの立場を強め,これは非トルコ系諸民族の抑圧につながった。… ※「Cemal Paşa」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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