Cairn

Japanese: cairn
Cairn

…a pile of stones covering a burial chamber; also called a cairn. In areas where piled stone burial mounds are common, the word cairn is often used synonymously with barrow.

From [Mountain climbing]

… crevasse (a fissure in a glacier). cairn (a pile of stones in a pyramid shape, used as a guide for ascending or descending a mountain, or as a memorial to a climb).

From [Tomb]

...No markers were left on the ground, likely to prevent looting.
[Mounds and burial chambers]
In addition to piles of earth, burial mounds can be built with stones piled up (cairns), or with piles of earth and the whole or part of the surface covered with cut stone, or with a roof of stone blocks (fukiishi), or with standing stones arranged around the perimeter, or with other exterior decorations. The Regourdou cave in southwestern France has stones piled up over the bodies, making it the oldest example of a mound-like structure.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "cairn" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…石を積み上げて墓室を覆ったもので,ケルンcairnとも呼ばれる。墳丘が積石であるのが一般的な地域では,cairn(積石塚)という言葉は,しばしばbarrow(塚)と同義語に使われる。…

【登山】より

… クレバスcrevasse氷河上の亀裂。 ケルンcairn積み石,記念塚。登降路の指針として,あるいは登山の記念としてピラミッド状に石を積み上げたもの。…

【墳墓】より

…地上に標識を残さないのは盗掘を防いだものであろう。
[墳丘と墓室]
 墳丘を築く場合には,土を盛るもののほか,石を積み上げた積石塚(ケルンcairn),土を盛り,表面全体あるいは一部を切石で化粧したり,石塊を葺いたり(葺石(ふきいし)),周囲に立石を配するなど各種の外装を施したものがある。フランス南西部のルグルドゥRegourdou洞窟では遺体の上に石積みがあり,墳丘状施設の最古の例をなしている。…

※「cairn」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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