bouldering

Japanese: bouldering
bouldering

...And as a result, this led to the success of Japanese climbers on the rock faces of the European Alps from the late 1960s to the 1970s. In the 1960s, rock climbing itself became more diverse, with events such as those in Yosemite, USA, where the goal was to climb difficult rock faces, an international competition held every two years since 1976 on a rock face facing the Black Sea in Yalta, Crimea, in the former Soviet Union (now Ukraine), where climbers competed for the fastest climbing speed on a set difficult route, and bouldering, where climbers set their own constraints on a small area of ​​a wall, such as a large rock on a riverbed, and use delicate balance and friction to climb. Combined with rock wall climbing in high-altitude mountaineering in the Himalayas, rock climbing itself became the goal, and new techniques were developed.
[Techniques and Equipment]
Rock climbing is also based on walking on foot.

*Some terminology explanations that mention "bouldering" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…そして,結果的にはこれがそのまま,1960年代後半から70年代にわたっての,ヨーロッパ・アルプス岩壁での日本人クライマーたちの活躍につながった。 1960年代になってアメリカのヨセミテなどにみられるように,困難度の高い岩壁登攀そのものを目的にしたものや,旧ソ連(現ウクライナ)のクリミア半島ヤルタの黒海に面した岩場で76年から隔年に開催されてきた,設定された困難なルートでの登攀スピードを争う国際競技会や,河原にある大岩など小範囲の壁に自分で制約を設け,微妙なバランスや摩擦を用いて登るボルダーリングboulderingなど,岩登りそのものの多様化が進み,ヒマラヤなどの高所登山の中での岩壁登攀とあいまって,いっそう岩登りそのものを目的とするようになり,新しい技術的な展開をみせている。
[技術と用具]
 岩登りも足で歩くことが基本である。…

※「bouldering」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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