Boudicca

Japanese: Boudicca

...After Caesar's invasion of Britain, contact with Roman culture began, and in the face of conflicts with neighboring tribes, they made a peace agreement with Emperor Claudius and became a Roman protectorate. Around 60, the last queen, Boudicca, rebelled against financial oppression by Rome, but was suppressed. After that, some urban settlements were formed.

From [Nero]

...The government gradually collapsed, finances became disorderly, and prices soared due to the mis-coining of currency. However, public order throughout the empire was still generally good, and the rebellion led by Boadicea (Boudicca), queen of the Iceni in Britain (60-62), was put down, and the long-standing conflict with Parthia over Armenia was handled appropriately by General Corbulo, leading to the recognition of Roman suzerainty in 64. On the other hand, Nero was fascinated by Greek culture, and introduced Greek athletic and artistic competitions to Rome, wrote poems himself to seek the praise of his aides, and in 64 he took up the lyre and took to the stage as a singer in Naples...

From Rome

Nero was a powerful leader in the 1st century, and was the first to rule under the guidance of the philosopher Seneca and the commander of the Praetorian Guard, Burrus. However, he soon became dictatorial, and was driven to suicide by rebellions led by his generals, Vindex in Gaul and Galba in Spain. During this time, King Boudicca rebelled in Britain, and the First Jewish War (66-70) took place.
[2nd Period (69-192)]
Vindex and Galba were followed by Otho and Vitellius, who were each made emperor by the military, making 69 the "Year of the Four Emperors."

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Boudicca" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…カエサルのブリタニア遠征以後ローマ文化との接触が始まり，近隣部族との衝突に際してはクラウディウス帝と和議を結んでローマの保護王国となった。60年ころ最後の女王ボウディッカBoudiccaはローマの財政的圧迫に対して反乱を起こしたが鎮圧された。その後いくらか都市集落が形成された。…

【ネロ】より

…治政はしだいに破綻を生じ，財政は乱脈となり，通貨の悪鋳によって物価は高騰した。しかし帝国全体の治安はなおおおむね良好で，ブリタニアにおけるイケニ族の女王ボアディケアBoadicea(ブディッカBoudicca)を首領とする反乱(60‐62)は鎮定され，アルメニアをめぐるパルティアとの長年の紛争も，将軍コルブロの適切な処理により，64年ローマの宗主権が承認されるところとなった。　他方ネロはギリシア文化に心酔し，ギリシアの体育･芸術のコンクールをローマに導入し，自ら詩を作って側近の賞讃を求め，64年ナポリで歌手として竪琴を手にして劇場の舞台に立った。…

【ローマ】より

…ネロはその治世の初めは哲学者セネカや親衛隊長ブルスの指導の下に善政を敷いたが，やがて独裁的となり，ガリアでのウィンデクス，スペインでのガルバら，将軍の反乱のなかで自殺した。この間，ブリタニアではボウディッカBoudicca王の反乱があり，第1次ユダヤ戦争下(66‐70)の大反乱があった。
［第2期(69‐192)］
　ウィンデクスとガルバに続いてオトー，ウィテリウスがそれぞれ軍隊によって皇帝に擁立されて，69年は〈四帝年〉となった。…

※「Boudicca」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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