Ebushi - Buddhist Painter

Japanese: 絵仏師 - えぶっし

A painter who specializes in Buddhist paintings. As the demand for Buddhist paintings, such as esoteric Buddhist statues and mandalas, which require strict iconographic knowledge, increased, they came to be distinguished from artists who focused on the creation of general secular paintings. This became common from the late Heian period onwards, with the first documented example being the painting Buddhist sculptor Kyozen being awarded the title of Hokkyo in 1068. From then until the Kamakura period, many masters such as Ogen, Jochi, Chijun and Katsuga appeared. Laypeople who formally became monks were awarded the titles of Hokkyo, Hogen and Hoin for their artistic achievements. Monks who excelled in doctrine and produced authentic Buddhist paintings were called painter-monks, and famous examples include Chinkai, Kakuyu and Gensho.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

仏教絵画を専門とする画工。密教の尊像や曼荼羅など厳密な図像的知識を必要とする仏教絵画の需要の高まりとともに，世俗的な絵画一般の制作に従う絵師とは区別されるようになった。一般化したのは平安時代後期以降で，治暦4 (1068) 年絵仏師教禅が法橋に叙されたのを文献上の初例とし，以後鎌倉時代にかけて，応源，定智，智順，勝賀などの多くの名手が現れた。俗人で形式的に僧となり，その制作の功によって法橋，法眼，法印などの僧位が贈られた。僧侶で教義にすぐれ，本格的な仏教絵画を描いた者を画僧と呼び，珍海，覚猷，玄証などが著名。

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