... However, when bacteria and viruses appeared as research materials, it became possible to detect extremely low frequencies of recombinants that had previously been undetectable. Then, S. Benzer (1957) and others clarified that there are many crossover sites and mutation sites within the region of a chromosome occupied by a single gene, and it was ultimately assumed that a single nucleotide pair is the unit of crossover and mutation. The same thing has been proven for some genes in higher animals and plants. ... From [Genetic Recombination]...However, the relationship between chiasma and recombination has not been fully elucidated, and it is still an issue to be solved in the future in relation to (1) the mechanism by which homologous chromosomes pair, (2) the interaction between sister chromatids, and (3) the significance of DNA synthesis, which occurs later than the main DNA replication. S. Benzer (1957) investigated intrachromosomal recombination in great detail using T4 phage, which infects Escherichia coli. Phages grow much faster than Drosophila and are easy to raise (culture). ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Benzer, S." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… しかし,バクテリアやウイルスが研究材料に登場するに及び,これまで検出不能であったごく低頻度の組換え体の検出が可能となった。そして,ベンザーS.Benzer(1957)らにより,交叉(こうさ)部位や突然変異部位は一つの遺伝子が占める染色体上の領域内に多数存在することが明らかにされ,究極的には単一のヌクレオチド対が交叉や突然変異の単位であることが推定されるに至った。同じことは高等動植物の若干の遺伝子についても証明されてきた。… 【遺伝的組換え】より…しかし,キアズマと組換えとの関係は完全に解明されたわけではなく,(1)相同染色体が対合する機構,(2)姉妹染色体間の相互作用,(3)主要なDNAの複製よりも遅れて起こるDNA合成の意義,などと関連して今後解決されるべき課題である。 染色体内組換えを大腸菌に感染するT4ファージを使ってきわめて詳細に調べたのはベンザーS.Benzer(1957)である。ファージはショウジョウバエよりもはるかに早く増殖するし,飼育(培養)も容易である。… ※「Benzer,S.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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