Epameinondas (English spelling)

Japanese: エパメイノンダス（英語表記）Epameinōndas

[Born] Around 410 BC. Thebes
Died 362 BC. Mantinea. A general of Thebes, ancient Greece. Also called Epaminondas. He contributed to the rise of Thebes in the 370s BC, and at the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BC, he defeated the Spartans by concentrating his battle lines as thick as possible on the enemy's right flank, a new tactic that was different from the common tactics of the time and involved a strong attack. From 370 to 369 BC, he invaded the Peloponnese and helped Messenia and Arcadia gain independence from Sparta. However, he himself was killed in battle, although he used the same tactics to win the Battle of Mantinea in 362 BC. He changed the power map of Greece and prevented the Spartans from regaining power, and his tactics were passed on to Philip II, who was a hostage at the time, who further improved them and paved the way for the military victories of his son Alexander III (the Great).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]前410頃.テーベ
[没]前362. マンチネイア
古代ギリシア，テーベの将軍。エパミノンダスとも呼ばれる。前 370年代のテーベの台頭に貢献し，前 371年のレウクトラの戦いでは，当時の一般の戦法とは異なり，敵の右翼に対して戦列を極力厚く集中し，攻撃を浴びせる新戦法を案出してスパルタ軍を撃破。前 370～前 369年ペロポネソス半島に侵入し，メッセニア，アルカディアのスパルタからの独立を助けた。しかし前 362年同じ戦術を用いてマンチネイアの戦いで勝利を収めながらも，みずからは戦死。ギリシアの勢力地図を変え，スパルタの再興を阻み，その戦法は，当時人質となっていたフィリッポス2世に伝えられ，フィリッポスはそれをさらに改良し，その子アレクサンドロス3世 (大王)の軍事的勝利の道を切り開いた。

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