Beckmann, M.

Japanese: Beckmann,M.(英語表記)BeckmannM
Beckmann, M.

...It reflects the solitary experience of things, human alienation, and lifestyles that were found in the confusion of postwar society. Hartraub divides Neue Sachlichkeit into the left wing or Verismus, which was critical of the times, such as Grosz, O. Dix, and Max Beckmann (1884-1950), and the right wing or Neoclassicism, such as Georg Schrimpf (1889-1938) and Alexander Kanoldt (1881-1939). In contrast to the critical or existential realism of Grosz, who painted humans in a mannequin-like or bestial manner, Dix, who exposed the ugliness of humans in his deformed war paintings and prostitutes, and Beckmann, who expressed the anxious existence and loneliness of humans thrown into the world in his still lifes of entangled figures and hollow objects, the landscapes and figures of the right wing have a timeless pastoral atmosphere and an aesthetic that could be called neo-romantic.

From [Expressionism]

…Amid the conflict and exchange between the former, who were artistically revolutionary, and the latter, who were politically oriented, the expressionist art movement featured apocalyptic themes of fighting against the end of the world, reflecting the situation in the imperial capital of Berlin, as exemplified by Kirchner's series of street prostitutes, which was a part of the Brücke group that moved to Berlin in 1911, and Marc's Fate of the Animals, which was a part of the Blaue Reiter group that was invited to the opening of the Sturm Gallery in 1912. The depiction of the chaos of the big city and revolutionary fantasy seen in Ludwig Meidner's (1884-1966) Revolution is connected to Gross's wartime work The Burial of O. Panizza and Max Beckmann's (1884-1950) anti-war work Night. In this way, expressionist art around the time of the German Revolution, despite its radical rejection of Dada, changed from apocalyptic depictions of urban destruction and war damage to a critical or satirical tendency that took revolution into its scope, and established a grotesque and realistic style like that of Dix.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Beckmann, M." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…そこには戦後社会の混乱の中で見いだされた孤独な事物体験,人間疎外,生活態度などが反映している。ハルトラウプは新即物主義をグロッス,O.ディックス,ベックマンMax Beckmann(1884‐1950)らの時代批判的な左派または〈真実主義Verismus〉とシュリンプGeorg Schrimpf(1889‐1938),カーノルトAlexander Kanoldt(1881‐1939)らの右派または新古典主義とに分けている。人間をマネキン風あるいは獣的に描くグロッス,デフォルメされた戦争画や娼婦像で人間の醜悪を暴くディックス,からみあう群像やうつろな事物の静物画で世界に投げ込まれた人間の不安な実存と孤独を表現するベックマンなどの批判的ないし実存的リアリズムに対し,右派の風景や人物画には時代を超えた牧歌的雰囲気があり,むしろ新ロマン派と呼べるような審美性が漂っている。…

【表現主義】より

…芸術革命志向の前者と政治志向の後者とが対立し交流する中で,表現主義芸術運動には帝都ベルリンの状況を反映して世界の終末と戦う黙示録的な主題が顕著になり,それは11年にベルリンへ移住した〈ブリュッケ〉派のうちでもとくにキルヒナーの街娼群像連作や,12年のシュトゥルム画廊開きに招かれた〈ブラウエ・ライター〉派のうちではとくにマルクの《動物の運命》などに端的に示されている。マイトナーLudwig Meidner(1884‐1966)の〈革命〉に見られる大都市の混沌(こんとん)と革命幻想の描写は,グロッスの戦中の作《O.パニッツァの埋葬》やベックマンMax Beckmann(1884‐1950)の反戦的な作品《夜》につながっている。 このようにしてドイツ革命前後の表現主義美術は,ダダの過激な否定にもかかわらず,都市の崩壊や戦禍を描く黙示録的表現から,革命を射程におく時代批判的ないし風刺的な傾向へと変貌し,ディックスのようにグロテスクでリアルな作風を成立させた。…

※「Beckmann,M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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