Scotch broom

Japanese: エニシダ(金雀枝) - エニシダ（英語表記）(Scotch) broom

A deciduous shrub of the legume family native to central and southern Europe (illustration). It was introduced to Japan during the Enpo era (1673-81) and is now widely cultivated for ornamental purposes. It grows to a height of about 2m and branches well. Young branches are dark green and angular. The leaves have three leaflets and are stalked, but the leaves at the ends of the branches have one leaflet and are stalkless. The butterfly-shaped flowers are bright yellow and bloom from April to June, are about 2cm long, and have curled-back flags. There are 10 stamens surrounding a single central pistil. When a pollinating insect lands on the flower and the wing and keel petals are depressed, the pistil and stamen fly out and rotate once as if wrapping around the insect, scattering pollen.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ヨーロッパ中･南部に原産するマメ科の落葉低木（イラスト）。延宝年間(1673‐81)に日本に渡来し，今日では観賞のため広く栽培されている。高さ2mくらいにまで生長し，よく枝分れする。若い枝は濃緑色で角張っている。葉は3小葉をつけ有柄であるが，枝先につく葉は1小葉で無柄。蝶形花は鮮黄色，4～6月に咲き，長さ約2cm，旗弁はそり返っている。中央の1本のめしべを囲み，10本のおしべがある。花に受粉の昆虫がとまり，翼弁と竜骨弁がおし下げられると，中からめしべ･おしべが飛びだして虫に巻きつくように1回転し，花粉を飛び散らす。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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