An atoll in the central-western Pacific Ocean belonging to the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Also known as Eniwetok Island, formerly Brown Island. It is made up of about 40 small islands, each 2-4 meters above sea level, surrounding a lagoon with a circumference of 37 kilometers. Before World War II, it was a Japanese mandate territory, but was occupied by the U.S. military in 1944. It became a U.S. trust territory in 1947, and gained independence in 1986. After 1948, it and Bikini Atoll to the east became a U.S. nuclear explosion testing site, and as a result, all residents were relocated to Ujelang Island to the south, but returned to the island in 1980. Population: 853 (1999). [Jouji Oshima] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
太平洋中西部、マーシャル共和国に属する環礁。エニウェトク島ともいい、旧名ブラウンBrown島。周囲37キロメートルのラグーン(礁湖)を囲んで標高2~4メートルの約40の小島からなる。第二次世界大戦前は日本の委任統治領であったが、1944年アメリカ軍に占領された。1947年からアメリカの信託統治領となり、86年独立。1948年以後、その東方のビキニ環礁とともにアメリカの核爆発実験場となり、そのために全住民はその南にあるウジェランUjelang島に移住させられていたが、1980年に帰島した。人口853(1999)。 [大島襄二] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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