Aichhorn, A. (English spelling) AichhornA

Japanese: Aichhorn,A.(英語表記)AichhornA
Aichhorn, A. (English spelling) AichhornA

...In America, social factors such as the family environment during the period of personality formation are considered to be the cause, and the term sociopathy is used. There are many theories of criminal psychology, but the "psychoanalytic theory," which began with S. Freud and was developed by his successors A. Aichhorn and K. Friedlander, sees the main cause of delinquency as a developmental disorder of the ego and superego caused by human relationships in childhood. W. Healy, who found that there were more severe emotional disorders in delinquent and non-delinquent groups in a case study of delinquent boys, developed the "emotional disorder theory," which claims that delinquency is caused by emotional disorders resulting from unsatisfactory human relationships in childhood. ...

From 【Delinquency】

...In terms of therapeutic treatment techniques, individual treatment methods such as psychoanalysis, non-directive counseling, introspection, and behavior therapy were devised and practiced, while group treatment methods such as group psychotherapy, reality therapy, psychodrama, and various other training methods were devised and practiced. Also, an attempt was made by Austrian A. Aichhorn (1878-1949) and others to make the atmosphere of the entire facility therapeutic. He established close and lasting human relationships between the boys and staff, and attempted to create a warm, home-like atmosphere throughout the facility for treatment, achieving groundbreaking results. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Aichhorn, A." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…なおアメリカではその原因として人格形成期における家庭環境などの社会的要因が重視され,社会病質という用語などが使われている。 犯罪心理学の理論も多岐に分かれるが,S.フロイトに始まりその後継者であるアイヒホルンA.AichhornやフリードランダーK.Friedlanderなどによって展開された〈精神分析理論〉は,幼少期の人間関係に起因した自我や超自我の発達障害をおもな非行原因とみる。非行少年の事例研究による非行少年群と無非行少年群との比較の結果前者に顕著な情動障害者が多いことを見いだしたヒーリーW.Healyは,非行の原因を幼少期の満たされない人間関係によって生じる情動障害であるとする〈情動障害理論〉を展開した。…

【非行】より

…治療的処遇技術の面からは,個別的治療法として精神分析や非指示的カウンセリング,内観法,行動療法など,集団的治療法として集団心理療法,現実療法,心理劇法,その他いろいろな訓練法がくふうされ実践された。また施設全体の雰囲気を治療的にしようとの試みが,オーストリアのアイヒホルンA.Aichhorn(1878‐1949)らによってなされた。彼は少年と職員との間に親密で持続的な人間関係を確立し,施設全体を暖かい家庭的な雰囲気にして治療しようと試み,画期的な成果をあげた。…

※「Aichhorn,A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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