Afforestation

...Although it is sometimes used almost the same as silviculture, it is often used to mean artificial afforestation, especially the planting of seedlings, and it is better to use silviculture to emphasize that it also includes the care (nursing) of trees after planting and natural regeneration. Afforestation is when a forest is established in a place where there was no forest before or where a long time has passed since the forest was cut, and reforestation is when a new forest is established immediately after a forest is cut down. The latter is usually called regeneration, but regeneration is sometimes used synonymously with afforestation. In Japan, afforestation to replace uneconomical forests with useful tree species is called expansion afforestation or tree species replacement.

*Some explanations of terms that mention "afforestation" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…育林とほぼ同じ意味で使われることもあるが，人工造林とくに苗木の植栽を意味する場合に用いられることが多く，植栽してからの手入れ(保育)や天然更新も含めていることを強調する意味では育林を使うほうがよい。もともと森林がなかった場所や，森林が切られてからかなりの年月がたった場所に林を仕立てる場合afforestationと，森林を伐採したあとにすぐ次の林を仕立てる場合reforestationとあり，後者は更新とよぶのが普通であるが，更新を造林と同義に用いる場合もある。なお，経済性の低い林を有用な樹種にかえるための造林を，日本では拡大造林または樹種更改と呼んでいる。…

※「afforestation」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報