…Since the end of the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire was facing the threat of disintegration as a result of the expansion of local powers, the independence movements of the subjugated peoples, and the military and political invasions of European countries. In November 1839, Sultan Abdülmecit I (reigned 1839-61) issued the Gülhane Edict, drafted by his foreign minister Mustafa Reşit Paşa, declaring that he would implement broad-based reforms to save the empire from the crisis and restore the prosperity of the time of Suleiman I (reigned 1520-66). The decree promised equality before the law for all subjects in the empire, both Muslim and non-Muslim, guarantee of life, honor, and property for all subjects, public trials, the abolition of the taxation contract system (irtizam), and improvements to the conscription system. … *Some of the terminology referenced in "Abdülmecit I" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…18世紀末以後,オスマン帝国は,地方勢力の伸張,被支配諸民族の独立運動,ヨーロッパ諸国の軍事的・政治的侵略などの結果,帝国解体の危機に直面していた。1839年11月,スルタンのアブデュルメジト1世Abdülmecit I(在位1839‐61)は,外相ムスタファ・レシト・パシャに起草させた〈ギュルハネ勅令〉を発布して,帝国の危機を救い,スレイマン1世(在位1520‐66)時代の繁栄を取り戻すべく,広範な改革政治を実施することを宣言した。勅令では,イスラム教徒・非イスラム教徒を問わず帝国内全臣民の,法の前における平等,全臣民の生命・名誉・財産の保証,裁判の公開,徴税請負制(イルティザーム)の廃止,徴兵制の改善などが約束された。… ※「Abdülmecit I」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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