When individuals, companies, governments, etc. borrow necessary funds from financial institutions such as banks or other individuals or companies, setting various conditions such as repayment period and interest rate. In a broad sense, it includes corporate bonds issued by companies, government bonds issued by national and local governments, and even trade credit (accounts payable, bills payable), but it usually refers to borrowing money mainly by pledging an IOU (or promissory note). The length of the repayment period and the presence or absence of collateral vary depending on the individual case. In corporate accounting, borrowings with a repayment period of less than one year are usually recorded as short-term borrowings in the current liabilities section, while borrowings with a repayment period of more than one year are recorded as long-term borrowings in the fixed liabilities section. [Masahiko Nasu] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
個人や企業や政府などが、所要資金を銀行などの金融機関や他の個人、企業などから、返済期限や金利など諸条件を定めて借入すること。広い意味では、企業の発行する社債、国や地方公共団体の発行する公債、さらには企業間信用(買掛金、支払手形)なども入るが、通常は主として借用証書(または約束手形)を差し入れて行われる金銭の借入をいう。個々のケースにより、返済期間の長短、担保の有無などさまざまである。 企業会計では、通常、返済期限1年以内のものを短期借入金として流動負債の部に、1年を超えるものを長期借入金として固定負債の部に、それぞれ計上する。 [那須正彦] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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