Khalkís - Khalkís (English spelling)

Japanese: カルキス - かるきす(英語表記)Khalkís
Khalkís - Khalkís (English spelling)

The capital of Evboia Prefecture in central Greece. Population 53,584 (2001). Located in the mid-western part of the island of Evboia, it is the central city of the island, facing the mainland across the Evboia Strait. Commercial and industrial activities are carried out here, with brewing and machinery and equipment manufacturing being particularly active. In recent years, it has been developing into an industrial center.

[Tomoko Mashita]

history

During the ancient Greek period, it was the largest Ionian polis (city-state) on the island of Euboea. In the 8th century BC, it established many colonies in southern Italy and Sicily, and established a trading post in northern Syria, Poseideion (today's Al-Mina). In the 7th century BC, it expanded into the northern Aegean Sea, and in the 8th and 7th centuries BC, it fought against Eretria over the possession of the fertile Lelantos plain. It prospered through commerce and handicrafts such as metalworking, but was defeated in a battle with Athens in 506 BC, joined the Delian League in 478/477 BC, and led a failed rebellion on the island of Euboea to break away from the league in 446 BC.

It joined the Second Attic Naval League in 378/377 BC, and subsequently passed through Macedonian, Roman, Venetian and Ottoman rule before becoming a Greek territory in 1832.

[Shoji Kiyonaga]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ギリシア中部、エウボイア県の県都。人口5万3584(2001)。エウボイア島中西部に位置する同島の中心都市で、エブリポス海峡を挟んで本土と対面する。商業、工業が行われ、とくに醸造と機械器具製造が盛ん。近年、産業の中心地として発展しつつある。

[真下とも子]

歴史

古代ギリシア時代にはエウボイア島最大のイオニア人のポリス(都市国家)であった。紀元前8世紀に南イタリアとシチリア島に多数の植民市を建設し、シリア北部に貿易拠点ポセイデイオン(今日のアル・ミナ)を設け、前7世紀にはエーゲ海北部に植民活動を展開し、また前8~前7世紀にかけて肥沃(ひよく)なレラントス平野の所有をめぐってエレトリアと戦った。商業と金属細工などの手工業で繁栄したが、前506年アテネと戦って敗れ、前478/477年にデロス同盟に加盟し、前446年に同盟離脱のエウボイア島の反乱を指導して失敗した。

 前378/377年に第二次アッティカ海上同盟に加わり、その後、マケドニア、ローマ、ベネチア、オスマン帝国の支配を経て、1832年よりギリシア領となった。

[清永昭次]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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