This is one of the serological tests for syphilis, and is also called the syphilis complement fixation test. In 1906, German bacteriologist Wassermann discovered that Treponema pallidum (TP), the causative agent of syphilis, is present in the livers of children with congenital syphilis, and that when he performed a complement fixation test using an extract of the liver as an antigen, the test came back positive with the serum of syphilis patients. This reaction is called the Wassermann reaction. It was later discovered that the Wassermann reaction was also positive when using an alcohol extract of the liver or heart of an animal unrelated to TP as an antigen, and further improvements were made. Currently, the antigen used is CL-lecithin-cholesterol, which is made by adding lecithin and cholesterol to the phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) isolated from bovine heart. If hemolysis occurs in the complement fixation reaction between this antigen and the patient's serum, the result is considered negative, and if not, the result is considered positive. [Noriaki Yanagishita] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
梅毒の血清学的検査法の一つで、梅毒補体結合反応ともいう。1906年ドイツの細菌学者ワッセルマンは、先天梅毒児の肝臓中に梅毒の病原体であるトレポネーマTreponema pallidum(TP)が存在していることから、この肝臓の抽出液を抗原として補体結合反応を行い、梅毒患者血清で陽性となることを発見した。この反応をワッセルマン反応という。その後、TPとは無関係の動物の肝臓や心臓などのアルコール抽出液を抗原として用いてもワッセルマン反応が陽性となることがわかり、さらに改良が重ねられて、現在では、ウシの心臓から分離したリン脂質カルジオリピンcardiolipin(CL)にレシチンとコレステロールを加えたCL‐レシチン‐コレステロールが抗原として用いられている。この抗原と患者血清との補体結合反応で、溶血がおこれば陰性、おこらなければ陽性とみなされる。 [柳下徳雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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