Wakyo - Wakyo

Japanese: 倭京 - わきょう

A provisional name for a capital that is assumed to have existed in Asuka before Fujiwara-kyo. After Empress Suiko ascended to the throne at Toyoura Palace at the end of the 6th century and then moved to Oharida Palace, palaces were built one after another in Asuka and other areas until Emperor Tenmu established Asuka Kiyomihara Palace. The locations of these palaces were collectively called Wakyo, but this did not have a clear administrative area and vaguely meant "Yamato no Miyako". However, according to the Nihon Shoki, the use of "kyo" suddenly appeared frequently in the reign of Emperor Tenmu, such as "kyo-kinai" and "kyoshi", which clearly indicate an administrative unit. In 683 (Tenmu 12), an imperial edict was issued to establish a "capital city and palace" in Naniwa in addition to Asuka, and to adopt a dual capital system, and the existence of "kyoshoku daibu" is also suggested.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

藤原京以前に飛鳥を中心に存在したと想定される京の仮称。6世紀末に推古天皇が豊浦（とゆら）宮で即位し，ついで小墾田（おはりだ）宮に移って以後，天武天皇の飛鳥浄御原宮に至るまでの間，飛鳥を中心につぎつぎと宮室が営まれた。そこでそれら諸宮の所在地も総称して広く倭京と呼ばれたが，それは明確な行政区域をもつものではなく，漠然と〈やまとのみやこ〉という意味であった。しかし《日本書紀》によると，天武朝に入って急に〈京･畿内〉や〈京師〉など明らかに行政単位を示すとみられる〈京〉の用例が頻出し，また683年(天武12)には飛鳥のほかに難波にも〈都城･宮室〉を造って陪都とする複都制採用の詔が出され，さらに〈京職大夫〉の存在もうかがわれる。

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