Also called steel rope. A rope made by twisting thin hard steel wires (bare or plated) around a core rope made of natural or synthetic fibers and coating it with grease. There are several dozen types, depending on the number of wires, the number of strands, and other factors. There are two types of rope twist: normal twist, in which the rope and strands are twisted in opposite directions, and Lang twist, in which the rope and strands are twisted in the same direction. The latter is less susceptible to wear and tear and has good flexibility, but the twist tends to return to its original shape. Depending on the direction of the strand twist, it can be Z-twisted or S-twisted, but the Z-twist is the more common, with right-handed twisting being the more common. Black grease (asphalt-based) is used to protect ropes from corrosion, and red grease (petroleum-based) is used to reduce friction. Widely used for construction, marine, and mining machinery, elevators, and other ropes, with each type of rope having its own breaking load, dead weight, and other specifications. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
鋼索ともいう。細い硬鋼線材 (素線。裸とメッキ処理とある) を撚 (よ) り合せたストランド (子綱) を,天然繊維や合成繊維製の心綱のまわりに撚ってグリースを塗布したロープ。素線の数,ストランド数,その他によって数十種類のものがある。ロープの撚り方には,ロープとストランドの撚り方向が反対の普通撚りと,同方向のラング撚りがある。後者は摩耗損傷が少く,柔軟性に富むが,撚りが戻りやすい。また,ストランドの撚りの方向によって,Z撚りとS撚りに分けられるが,原則的には右撚りのZ撚りである。ロープの防食目的には黒グリース (アスファルト系) ,減摩目的には赤グリース (石油系) を用いる。建設用,船舶用,鉱業用機械や,エレベータ,その他のロープに広く使用され,ロープの種別ごとに切断荷重,自重,その他が定められている。
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