Ono School of Swords - Ono School of Swords

It is one of the mainstream styles of swordsmanship in the early modern period, and refers to the Tekiden style of Ito Ittosai Kagehisa and the Ono family school founded by Ono Jiroemon Tadaaki. Tadaaki served as the swordsmanship instructor for the second shogun, Tokugawa Hidetada, and was respected as the orthodox style of Itto-ryu afterwards, and spread among the hatamoto class as well as various daimyo such as the Tsugaru family (Hirosaki domain). The training system was based on the 25 Kirigumi (cutting groups) of the first master Tadaaki, and the second master Tadatsune (1608-1665) added 25 more to make 50, and began wearing gloves (onigote) with the uchidachi (strike sword). Then, under the third master Tadao (1640-1712), these were expanded to 60 odachi, 9 kodachi, 8 aikodachi, and 10 kodachi. He completed the Kumidachi set of swords, including 11 triple swords, 10 or more Hoshato swords, and five high-level secret swords, Myoken, Zeppyoken, Shinken, Kinshichooken, and Dokumyoken, and established the method of transmission, including the Twelve Articles of First Transmission, the Kanagaki Provisional Characters of the Middle Transmission, the Certificate of Acquisition, the Certificate of Mastery, the Certificate of Mastery of All Transmissions, the Certificate of Instructor, and the Wari Mokuroku (transmission to a single son). After that, the 4th Tadakazu, the 5th Tadakata, the 6th Tadayoshi, the 7th Tadataka, the 8th Tadasada, and the 9th Tadamichi (later Nario) all inherited the skills of their ancestors well into the Meiji era.

[Ichiro Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

近世剣術の主流の一つで、伊藤一刀斎景久(いとういっとうさいかげひさ)の的伝(てきでん)、小野次郎右衛門忠明(おのじろうえもんただあき)を祖とする小野家の門流をいう。忠明が2代将軍徳川秀忠(ひでただ)の剣術師範を務め、その後も一刀流の正統として重んぜられ、旗本層をはじめ津軽家（弘前(ひろさき)藩）など諸大名の間に広がった。その教習体系は、初代忠明の切組(きりぐみ)25本を根本とし、2代忠常(ただつね)（1608―1665）がこれに25本を増加して50本とし、打太刀(うちだち)に手袋（鬼小手(おにごて)）を着用することを始め、ついで3代忠於(ただお)（1640―1712）のとき、これを増補して、大太刀60本、小太刀9本、合小太刀8本、三重、刃引(はびき)11本とし、極意の払捨刀(ほっしゃとう)10本以上、高上極意に妙剣、絶妙剣、真剣、金翅鳥王剣(きんしちょうおうけん)、独妙剣の5点を配して組太刀(くみだち)を完成するとともに、初伝十二箇条目録、中伝仮字書(かながき)、取立許状、皆伝本目録、指南免状、割目録（一子相伝）という伝授の方式を確定した。その後、4代忠一(ただかず)―5代忠方(ただかた)―6代忠喜―7代忠孝―8代忠貞―9代忠政（のち業雄(なりお)）とよく父祖の業を継承し明治に至った。

［渡邉一郎］

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