Rokkakushi Shikimoku - Rokkakushi Shikimoku

The Sengoku daimyo Rokkaku clan enacted this family law and provincial law in April 1567 (Eiroku 10). It is also called the Yoshiharu Shikimoku. It has a total of 67 articles. In addition, there are eight Kishomon articles and six additional articles. The Kishomon consists of five articles signed by 20 senior vassals of the Rokkaku clan including Mikami Tsuneyasu, and three corresponding articles signed by Rokkaku Jotei (Yoshikata) and Yoshiharu (Yoshisuke), which clearly state the procedure for enacting the Shikimoku, that is, that it was drafted by senior vassals and approved by the Rokkaku clan, and the pledge of mutual compliance. The articles are also diverse, covering territorial disputes, criminal offenses, and debt relations, but are characterized by their control over peasants, such as litigation procedures and tax collection, and more than half of the contents restrict the authority and arbitrary actions of the Rokkaku clan. Therefore, this code was created with the aim of protecting the interests of feudal lords and has two characteristics: it is a treaty between feudal lords and it restricts the authority of the Rokkaku clan. The background to the code's creation was the Kannonji Incident (1563), in which a senior vassal was assassinated, leading to the defection of vassals and the battle with the Azai clan, but it also strongly reflects the advanced social situation in Omi.

[Keiichi Miyajima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

戦国大名六角氏が1567年（永禄10）4月に制定した家法、分国法。義治(よしはる)式目ともいう。全67条。ほかに起請文(きしょうもん)8条および6条の追加がある。起請文は三上恒安(みかみつねやす)以下20人の六角氏重臣が署判する5条とそれに対応する六角承禎(じょうてい)（義賢(よしかた)）、義治(よしはる)（義弼(よしすけ)）が署判した3条よりなるが、ここに式目が重臣により起草され、六角氏が承認したという制定手続および相互遵守の誓約が明示されている。また条文も所領相論、刑事犯罪、債務関係など多岐にわたるが、訴訟手続や年貢収納など農民支配に特色があり、内容も六角氏の権限や恣意(しい)的行為を制約するものが半数を超えている。それゆえ、この式目は領主権益の擁護を目的として、領主相互の協約と六角氏の権限の制約という二つの特質をもつといわれる。式目制定の背景には重臣を暗殺した観音寺(かんのんじ)騒動（1563）による家臣の離反や浅井氏との合戦があるが、近江(おうみ)の先進的社会状況が強く反映している。

［宮島敬一］

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