Lessing, Doris

Japanese: レッシング(英語表記)Lessing, Doris
Lessing, Doris
Born: October 22, 1919, Kermanshah, Persia
[Died] 17 November 2013, London, England. British author born in Persia. Full name Doris May Lessing, real name Doris May Tayler. At the age of five, she moved to Southern Rhodesia with her British parents and grew up on a farm (→ Rhodesian problem). After divorcing Gottfried Lessing in 1949, she moved to England with her son and was active as a member of the British Communist Party from 1952 to 1956. Many of her works are set in Africa, and she takes a left-wing stance, dealing with social and political themes including colonial issues. After her first work, The Grass Is Singing (1950), she established her reputation with the semi-autobiographical series Children of Violence (5 volumes, 1952-69). Her other works include the postmodern novel The Golden Notebook (1962), the science fiction series Canopus in Argos: Archives (5 volumes, 1979-83), The Cleft (2007), and an autobiography. She has also published two works under the pen name Jane Somers. In 2007, she became the first British woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Lessing
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim

Born January 22, 1729 in Kamenz, Saxony
[Died] February 15, 1781, Braunschweig. German playwright and critic. He rejected the traditional German theater, which was a imitation of French classical theater, and became the founder of modern citizen theater by incorporating the spirit of Greek and Shakespeare drama. He also contributed to the development of German citizen culture by preaching the Enlightenment through his critiques on theater, aesthetics, and theology. His major works include the plays Miss Sara Sampson (1755), Minna von Barnhelm (67), Emilia Galotti (72), Nathan der Weise (79), the theater critique Hamburgische Dramaturgie (67-68), and the aesthetic critique Laokoon (66).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1919.10.22. ペルシア,ケルマーンシャー
[没]2013.11.17. イギリス,ロンドン
ペルシア生まれのイギリスの作家。フルネーム Doris May Lessing,本名 Doris May Tayler。5歳のときイギリス人の両親とともに南ローデシアに移住,農場で育つ(→ローデシア問題)。1949年ゴットフリート・レッシングと離婚後,息子を伴ってイギリスに渡り,1952~56年イギリス共産党員として活動。作品の多くはアフリカを舞台にし,左翼的立場に立って,植民地問題をはじめとする社会的,政治的主題を扱う。第一作『草は歌っている』The Grass Is Singing(1950)ののち,半自伝的な連作「暴力の子供たち」Children of Violence(5巻,1952~69)によって名声を確立。ほかに,ポストモダン小説『黄金のノート』The Golden Notebook(1962),SF連作「アルゴ座のカノープス」Canopus in Argos: Archives(5巻,1979~83),『ザ・クレフト』The Cleft(2007),自伝などがある。ジェーン・ソマーズの筆名でも 2作品を発表。2007年イギリス人女性としては初のノーベル文学賞を受賞した。

レッシング
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim

[生]1729.1.22. ザクセン,カーメンツ
[没]1781.2.15. ブラウンシュワイク
ドイツの劇作家,批評家。フランス古典劇の亜流であった従来のドイツ演劇を否定,ギリシア劇,シェークスピア劇の精神を取入れることによって近代的な市民劇の創始者となった。また演劇のほか美学,神学の評論を通して啓蒙思想を説き,ドイツ市民文化の発展に貢献。主著,戯曲『ミス・サラ・サンプソン』 Miss Sara Sampson (1755) ,『ミンナ・フォン・バルンヘルム』 Minna von Barnhelm (67) ,『エミーリア・ガロッティ』 Emilia Galotti (72) ,『賢者ナータン』 Nathan der Weise (79) ,演劇評論『ハンブルク演劇論』 Hamburgische Dramaturgie (67~68) ,美学評論『ラオコーン』 Laokoon (66) 。

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