Mary Wollstonecraft

Japanese: ウルストンクラフト - うるすとんくらふと(英語表記)Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft

British thinker. She was the first in history to systematize the idea of ​​women's liberation. While supporting herself as a tutor and translator, she studied British radicalism during the French Revolution and attracted attention with A Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790), the first criticism of Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790). She then published A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), a groundbreaking book that criticized the way women lived at the time and advocated gender equality and women's mental and economic independence. In 1797, she married W. Godwin, but died in the same year while giving birth to their daughter, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (1797-1851), who later became Mrs. Shelley and wrote Frankenstein. She has written and translated 12 books, including novels and critiques.

[Atsushi Shirai]

"A Vindication of the Rights of Women," translated by Takako Shirai (1980, Miraisha)""Memoirs of Mary Wollstoncraft, by W. Godwin, translated by Atsushi Shirai and Takako (1970, Miraisha)""Collection of Essays on Women's Liberation," by Atsushi Shirai and Takako (1982, Keio Tsushin)"

[References] | Godwin | Shelley

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

イギリスの思想家。女性解放思想を歴史上最初に体系化した。家庭教師や翻訳などで自活しつつ、フランス革命期のイギリス急進主義を学び、バークの『フランス革命の省察』(1790)に対する最初の批判である『人権の擁護』A Vindication of the Rights of Men(1790)を書いて注目され、ついで『女性の権利の擁護』A Vindication of the Rights of Woman(1792)を発表した。これは、当時の女性の生き方を批判し、男女平等、女性の精神的、経済的独立を説いた画期的な書である。1797年にW・ゴドウィンと結婚したが、同年、のちにシェリー夫人となって『フランケンシュタイン』を書いた娘Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley(1797―1851)を出産した際に死亡した。小説や評論など12冊の著訳書がある。

[白井 厚]

『白井堯子訳『女性の権利の擁護』(1980・未来社)』『W・ゴドウィン著、白井厚・堯子訳『メアリ・ウルストンクラーフトの思い出』(1970・未来社)』『白井厚・堯子著『女性解放論集』(1982・慶応通信)』

[参照項目] | ゴドウィン | シェリー

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