Lope de Rueda

Spanish playwright. Born in Seville and died in Cordoba. He was the leader of a theatre company and an actor. The company toured the country, performing in town squares to earn a living. His works were written in prose, which was rare at the time, and he wrote comedies based on Italian plays, such as "Medora," but he gained a reputation for his approximately 40 one-act short comedies called "pasos." These short comedies, which were performed before the opening or during the intermission of the main act and depicted the daily life and customs of ordinary people through amusing dialogue, left a brilliant mark in the history of theater and were praised by Cervantes. His masterpiece "Olive Fruit" (1548), which depicts a peasant couple quarreling over the price of selling nuts that have not yet been planted, is one of his masterpieces, as are "The Guests" (1546) and "The Land of Jauja" (1547).

[Aiko Suga]

"Yoichi Tajiri's translation of "Medora", "Collection of Farces" and others (included in Euro Translated Western Literature, Vol. 1-7, 1975-78, 1981-83, Ryukoku University)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

スペインの劇作家。セビーリャで生まれ、コルドバで死去。劇団の座長で役者でもあった。一座は国中を巡業し、町の広場でなりわいとして芝居を演じた。作品は当時にはまれな散文で書かれ、『メドーラ』ほかの、イタリア劇を土台にした戯曲(コメデイア)もあるが、評判を得たのは約40編の「パソ」とよばれる一幕物の小喜劇である。中心となる出し物の幕開き前か幕間(まくあい)に上演され、おもしろい対話で庶民の生活風俗を実写したこの短い笑劇は演劇史上に輝かしい足跡をとどめ、セルバンテスにも礼賛された。まだ植えてない木の実の売り値で喧嘩(けんか)する百姓夫婦を描いた『オリーブの実』（1548）は秀作で、ほかに『招待客』（1546）や『ハウハの土地』（1547）などの作品がある。

［菅　愛子］

『田尻陽一訳「メドーラ」「笑劇集」他（『エウロ　翻訳西洋文学』1―7号所収・1975～78、81～83・龍谷大学）』

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