A type of hydroxy acid (oxycarboxylic acid), it is a compound equivalent to hydroxysuccinic acid. Since it contains one asymmetric carbon atom, it exists as optical isomers, with three known types being (+)-, (-)-, and racemic (see diagram). The naturally occurring form is ( S )-(-)-malic acid, which is found in fruits such as apples and grapes. It is a needle-shaped crystal with a melting point of 100°C, and is soluble in water and alcohol, but poorly soluble in ether. A dilute aqueous solution exhibits levorotatory motion, but as the concentration increases it becomes dextrorotatory. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ヒドロキシ酸(オキシカルボン酸)の一種で,オキシコハク酸hydroxysuccinic acidに相当する化合物。不斉炭素原子が1個含まれるので光学異性体が存在し,(+)‐,(-)‐,およびラセミ体の3種(図参照)が知られている。 天然に存在するのは(S)‐(-)‐リンゴ酸で,リンゴやブドウなどの果実中に存在する。これは融点100℃の針状結晶で,水,アルコールには溶けるが,エーテルには溶けにくい。薄い水溶液は左旋性を示すが,濃度が高くなると右旋性を示すようになる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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