Reiwa Shuuge - Ryo no Shuuge

This is a compilation of commentaries on the Yoro Code. There are 35 volumes remaining. It was compiled by Doctor of Myobo Law Koremune Naomoto. It is said to have been compiled around the middle of the 9th century. The commentaries on the codes collected here include "Ryo no Gige," "Koki" (commentary on the Taiho Code), "Ryo Shaku," "Sekiki," "Akaki," and "Shuki," all of which explain the meaning of the law by carefully applying exegesis to the words and phrases, and in many places also present alternative theories and record customary practices. The Koki quotes the Taiho Code, which makes it possible to learn the text of the Taiho Code, which no longer exists, and also quotes old law books such as the Kyaku, Shiki, Ritsufushaku, Ritsushuge, Danrei, and Yajuirei, as well as Chinese law books such as the Tang Code, providing an important historical resource for the study of the Ritsuryo system in Japan and China. Currently, seven books remain missing: the Military Defense Code, the Warehouse Code, the Medical Code, the Sekishi Code, the Prison Code, and Miscellaneous Code. The published version in the Kokushi Taikei is the best, and includes a collection of the missing seven pieces of text and a chronological index of the included laws.

[Kanichi Minagawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

養老(ようろう)令の注釈を集大成したもの。現存残欠35巻。明法博士(みょうぼうはかせ)惟宗直本(これむねのなおもと)の編。9世紀なかばごろの成立という。ここに集められた令の注釈は、『令義解(りょうのぎげ)』をはじめとして「古記」（大宝(たいほう)令の注釈）、「令釈(りょうしゃく)」「跡記」「穴記」「朱記」などで、これらはみな丹念に字句に訓詁(くんこ)を施して法意を説明しており、異説をあげたり、慣行を記しているところも多い。「古記」には大宝令が引用されているため、現存しない大宝令の本文を知ることができ、また格(きゃく)、式(しき)、律付釈(りつふしゃく)、律集解(りつのしゅうげ)、弾例、八十一例などの古い法律書や、唐令などの中国の法律書も引かれているので、日本、中国の律令制の研究に重要な史料を提供している。現在、軍防令、倉庫令、医疾令、関市令、捕亡令、獄令、雑令の7編が伝わらない。刊本は『国市大系』所収のものがもっとも優れ、欠けた7編の逸文を集め、所収法令の編年索引を付収している。

［皆川完一］

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